Sources and Methodology

mg to mcg Conversion

mcg = mg x 1000

Standard SI metric prefix conversion. 1 milligram equals 1,000 micrograms.

Concentration Formula

Concentration (mg/mL) = Total Peptide Mass (mg) / Reconstitution Volume (mL)

Example: 10 mg peptide dissolved in 2 mL BAC water gives 5 mg/mL. Limitation: Assumes complete dissolution.

Purity Correction

Effective Mass (mg) = Stated Mass (mg) x (Purity % / 100)

Example: 10 mg vial at 98% purity gives 9.8 mg effective peptide.

Draw Volume

Draw Volume (mL) = Desired Dose (mg) / Concentration (mg/mL)

Example: 0.5 mg dose at 5 mg/mL concentration: draw 0.1 mL.

Insulin Syringe IU Mark (U-100)

IU Mark = Draw Volume (mL) x 100

U-100 syringes: 100 IU = 1 mL. Example: 0.1 mL = pull to the 10 IU mark.

Vial Portions

Portions = (Concentration mg/mL x Volume mL) / Dose (mg)

Half-Life Decay

Remaining = Initial Amount x (0.5 ^ (Time / Half-Life))

Based on first-order pharmacokinetic decay. Example: 10 mg with a 3-hour half-life after 6 hours: 10 x 0.25 = 2.5 mg remaining. Limitation: Assumes first-order kinetics. Source: Rowland M, Tozer TN. Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics. 4th ed. 2010.

Weight-Based Dosing

Dose (mg) = Dose per kg (mg/kg) x Body Weight (kg)

kg to lb: divide lb by 2.2046.

Allometric Dose Scaling

Human Dose = Animal Dose x (Human Weight / Animal Weight) ^ 0.75

The 0.75 exponent is the standard allometric scaling coefficient (Kleiber’s Law). Source: Reagan-Shaw S et al. FASEB J. 2008;22(3):659-661.

Cycle Cost

Total Cost = (Daily Dose mg / Vial Size mg) x Vials x Vial Price

Vial Yield

Days of Supply = (Vial Size mg x Number of Vials) / Daily Dose mg

Body Fat Percentage (US Navy Method)

Male: BF% = 86.010 x log10(abdomen - neck) - 70.041 x log10(height) + 36.76

Female: BF% = 163.205 x log10(waist + hip - neck) - 97.684 x log10(height) - 78.387

Source: Hodgdon JA, Beckett MB. Naval Health Research Center, 1984.

Protein Intake Reference Ranges

1.6-2.2 g/kg for resistance-trained athletes (Phillips and Van Loon, 2011); 2.3-3.1 g/kg during caloric restriction (Helms et al., 2014). Population-average references, not individual recommendations.

Component Concentration in a Blend

Component Concentration (mg/mL) = Component Mass (mg) / Total Reconstitution Volume (mL)

Applies to both BPC-157 + TB-500 blend and KLOW blend calculators.